Open office calc

Spreadsheet notes class 10 👈👈 

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What do you mean by Spreadsheet

A spreadsheet is a computer application for computation, organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form. Spreadsheets were developed as computerized analogs of paper accounting worksheets. The program operates on data entered in cells of a table. Each cell may contain either numeric or text data, or the results of formulas that automatically calculate and display a value based on the contents of other cells. A spreadsheet may also refer to one such electronic document.

What do you mean by Open office Calc

Open Office Calc is an electronic powerful spreadsheet program used to record and analyze numerical and statistical data with formulas and functions. Open office calc extension is .ods

Worksheet and workbook
A worksheet is a single page spreadsheet or page.
A workbook is just a book. The workbook consists of one or more worksheets, having various sorts of related information.

Cell
A cell is the intersection of a row and a column. In other words, it's where a row and column meet.

Some basic functions 

1. SUM Function

The sum function is the most used function when it comes to computing data on Excel. This function works to sum a group of numbers in a specific set of cells.

Syntax:-    =SUM(number1, number2, etc.).

2. AVERAGE Function

The average function is an extremely useful tool for getting the average value in a range of cells. Like the sum function, it is frequently used in computing and analyzing data on spreadsheet. 

Syntax:-  =AVERAGE (number1, number2, etc.).

3. MAX  Function

Excel MAX function is categorized under statistical functions in Microsoft Excel. The Excel MAX Formula is used to find out the maximum value from a given set of data/ array. MAX function in Excel returns the highest value from a given set of numeric values.

Syntax:- =MAX(A1:D5)

4. MIN function

The MIN function returns the smallest numeric value in the data provided. The MIN function can be used to return the smallest value from any type of numeric data. 

Syntax :- =MIN(A1:D5)

5. COUNT function

The COUNT function counts the number of cells that contain numbers, and counts numbers within the list of arguments. Use the COUNT function to get the number of entries in a number field that is in a range or array of numbers.

Syntax:- =COUNT(A1:D5)

6. IF function

The IF function is one of the most popular functions in Excel, and it allows you to make logical comparisons between a value and what you expect.

So an IF statement can have two results. The first result is if your comparison is True, the second if your comparison is False.

For example, =IF(C2="60",Pass, Fail) says IF(C2 = 60, then return Pass, otherwise return Fail).

Freezing and Unfreezing rows and columns
Freezing locks number of rows at the top of a spreadsheet or number of columns on the left of a spreadsheet or both. Frozen columns and rows remain the view during scroling, whereas other rows and columns gets scrolled.

Freezing rows or columns:

1. Click on the Header for the row below where to the freeze or for the column to the right of where to freeze.

2. Choose the Window -> Freeze. A dark line appears, indicating where the freeze is put.

Hide a row/Column
When elements are hidden, they are neither visible nor printed, but can still be selected for copying if you select the elements around them.

• To hide a row/column, first select the row/column, and then use menu options,

• Format → Row → Hide or Format → Column → Hide to hide row and column respectively.

• To show the hidden row / column, choose Format→ Row → Show or Format →Column → Show
(or)

• Right-click and choose Show from pop-up menu.


What do you mean by Charts?
 A chart is a graphical representation of data. Charts allow users to see what the results of data to better understand and predict current and future data.

Types of charts
There are a wide variety of charts available to display data.

Bar
chart
Column
sparklines
Line chart
Pie chart
Point chart
Bubble chart
Scatter

Creating Chart
1. Select the cells that contain the data that you want to present in your chart.

2. Click the Insert->Chart option or click Insert Chart icon 

 on the Standard toolbar.


3. The Chart Wizard has three main parts:

4. Choose a Chart type and its option type. Then click Next button.



5. In the Data Series list box contains a list of all data series in the current chart.

•  To organize the data series, select an entry in the list.
• Then click Next button




6. On the Chart Elements page, chart a title and, if desired, a subtitle.

Click on Finish

History of Computer

History of Computer

Computer

“A computer is an electronic device or machine which takes input from user, stored it into memory and then process the data and after processing it gives meaningful result to the user.”

कंप्यूटर का विकास 16 वीं शताब्दी से शुरू हो गया था, कंप्यूटर के विकास में तेजी से बदलाव आया है। प्रत्येक पीढ़ी के बाद, कंप्यूटर के आकार-प्रकार, कार्यप्रणाली और कार्यशीलता में बहुत सुधार हुआ है। वर्तमान के कंप्यूटर काफी आधुनिक और विकसित है।

ABACUS गणना करने वाली पहली मशीन बनाई गयी, इसके द्वारा बड़े बड़े गणितीय गणना को आसानी से solve किया जाता था, इसे Calculating tool भी कहा जाता है इसमें बहुत सारे छड़ मोतियों से भरे होते थे और मोतियों के फिसला कर के गणितीय गणना किया जाता था सन 1616 ई. में, John Napier (जॉन नेपियर) ने एक device बनाया जिसका नाम “Napier’s Bones” दिया

चार्ल्स बैबैज (Charles Babbage) को कंप्यूटर का जनक और कंप्यूटर का पिता (Father of computer) कहा जाता है, क्योंकि इन्होने ही सबसे पहला mechanical general-purpose computer बनाया था| इन्होने Analytical Engine को 1837 ई. में बनाया था| इस क्रम-विकास की अवधि के दौरान, कंप्यूटर में काफी परिवर्तन आए हैं। जिसने कंप्यूटरों की नई पीढीयों को जन्म दिया है और विभिन्न प्रकार के कंप्यूटरों का आविष्कार हुआ है।

 जिसे हम जनरेशन ऑफ कंप्यूटर (Generation of Computer ) के नाम से जानते है और इसे कम्प्यूटर की विभिन्न पीढ़ियों में विभाजित किया गया है।

पहली पीढ़ी के कंप्यूटर (1940 – 1956)

दूसरी पीढ़ी के कंप्यूटर (1956 – 1963)

तीसरी पीढ़ी के कंप्यूटर (1964 – 1971)

चौथी पीढ़ी के कंप्यूटर (1971 – 1980)

पांचवीं पीढ़ी के कंप्यूटर (वर्तमान और भविष्य)